德国新能源发电发展和运行研究

近年来,德国新能源发展迅猛,新能源发电量占比逐年提高。分析德国各类电源装机、发电量和发电小时数变化,揭示德国近十年来的能源转型历程。分析德国及其与周边国家联络线电量和电价的变化情况,研究新能源发展给德国电价带来的影响。通过典型周电力系统运行数据,分析德国电力系统应对新能源功率波动性的措施。德国新能源发展和运行实践表明,新能源优化运行和最大化消纳主要取决于灵活的电力现货市场机制、强有力的电源调节能力和坚强的跨国输电网络,同时,新能源的发展将对全社会电力生产成本和电价产生重大影响。

Research on Development and Operation of Renewable Energy Generation in German

The renewable energy in German has developed rapidly in recent years, and the penetration rate of renewable energy generation has increased year by year. This paper presents the energy transformation process in German over the past decade by analyzing various types of power supply installations, power generation, and power generation hours in German. At the same time, this paper carried on studies on the power consumption in German and the electricity exchanges with neighboring countries and electricity prices changing, and analyzed the impact of renewable energy development on German electricity prices. Finally, by analyzing the typical weekly power system operation data, response of German power system to the wind and PV power fluctuation is analyzed. German's renewable energy development and operation experience shows that the optimization of power system and maximization consumption of wind and PV power mainly depends on flexible spot market mechanism of electricity, strong power regulation capability and strong cross-national transmission network. And the development of wind and PV power will have a significant impact on the electricity production costs and electricity prices.