催化裂化催化剂铁污染研究进展

介绍近年关于FCC催化剂铁中毒现象的研究进展。平衡剂上铁存在新鲜催化剂自身铁、原油原有铁和过程铁3个来源,其中,高酸原油的过程铁含量已不容忽视。催化裂化过程中,原料油中以环烷酸铁为主的铁物种不断沉积在催化剂的表面,与催化剂中的钠、氧化硅形成低熔点共熔物,形成覆盖平衡剂表面的光滑结构,堵塞催化剂的孔道,导致汽油产率下降,严重影响装置稳定运行。根据铁中毒的机理研究,提出加强人员技术交流与培训、提高分析检测频次、应用抗铁污染催化剂、铁中毒解决方案等预防和应急措施,为加工高铁含量原料油催化裂化装置的长期稳定运行提供技术参考。

Research progress of the iron contamination on the catalytic cracking catalysts

The research progress on iron contamination of FCC catalyst in recent years is introduced.There are three sources of iron on the equilibrium catalyst,which are the fresh catalyst iron,crude oil iron and process iron.The process iron content of high acid crude oil can not be ignored.During the FCC process,the iron species in the feed oil,mainly iron naphthenate,continuously deposite on the surface of the catalyst,forming a low melting point eutectic with sodium and silicon oxide in the catalyst,forming a smooth structure covering the surface of the equilibrium catalyst,blocking the pores of the catalyst,resulting in the decrease of the gasoline yield,and seriously affecting the stable operation of the unit.According to the mechanism research of iron poisoning,the preventive and emergency countermeasures,such as strengthening personnel training,improving analysis frequency,applying anti-iron contamination catalyst and iron poisoning solution,are put forward to provide technical reference for the long-term stable operation of FCC plant for processing high iron content of feedstock.