拟线性摩擦阻尼器性能试验与有限元分析

提出一种拟线性摩擦阻尼器，其构造部件主要包括套筒、滑动轴和摩擦环。滑动轴与摩擦环同轴连接为一个整体，套筒中部的内径稍大于其他部位，在内壁形成很浅的凹槽，摩擦环装配在此凹槽内。通过合理设计，使得初始状态时摩擦环与套筒内壁保持间隙配合，二者接触面上无接触应力；而当滑动轴相对套筒左右移动时，摩擦环与套筒内壁形成过盈配合，在接触面上产生摩擦应力，偏离初始位置的移动幅度越大，接触面产生的摩擦阻力也越大，使该阻尼器提供近似线性滞回阻尼，即阻尼力的大小与位移幅值近似成正比，阻尼力的方向与速度相同。有限元数值模拟和试验研究结果表明：该阻尼器能够实现位移相关的线性滞回阻尼的基本特征，基于弹性力学给出的近似计算公式能够反映试验得到阻尼器滞回特性，可以用于阻尼器的初步设计。图12参23

Experiment and FEA on performance of pseudo-linear friction damper

A pseudo-linear friction damper including sleeve cylinder, sliding shaft and friction ring is presented in this paper. Sliding shaft and friction ring are coaxially connected as a whole body. The inside diameter in the central zone of the sleeve cylinder is slightly larger than the other parts, which means that a very shallow groove exists in the inner wall of the sleeve cylinder. The friction ring is assembled in the groove. By a careful design, the friction ring and the sleeve are closely fitted but intact, and when the sliding shaft moves relatively to the sleeve, friction stress develops following the interaction between the friction ring and the sleeve. The greater the slipping shaft departing from the initial location, the greater the friction damping force is induced. Assuming the friction stress is equal within in the zone of interaction, the damping force is then proportional to the deformation amplitude, and the direction of damping force is the same as the velocity. The results of finite element numerical simulation and model tests show that the damper can basically realize displacement dependent linear hysteretic damping. The approximate calculation formula derived from theory of elasticity can basically reflect the hysteretic characteristics of the damper obtained from experiments and can be used for preliminary design.23Refs.In Chinese.