旁轴送粉式激光扫描熔覆工艺研究

以Q235钢为基板,采用IPGYLS-4000型光纤激光器以及旁轴送粉器,搭建旁轴同步送粉式激光扫描熔覆工艺试验平台,在基板上进行熔覆试验。研究了激光功率、扫描速度和扫描宽度对熔覆层成形尺寸和对熔覆层组织的影响,结果表明:随着激光功率增大,铁基合金粉末熔化量提高,单层金属熔覆层的余高增加;扫描速度对熔覆层熔宽和余高的影响均较大,随着扫描速度的降低,金属熔覆层熔宽余高均增加,裂纹数量增多。约束应力是导致熔覆层出现裂纹的主要原因,通过优选工艺参数可以获得工艺良好无裂纹熔覆层,为下一步研究激光扫描多层熔覆无(小)变形焊接技术提供理论和技术依据。

Study on laser cladding technology with side feeding powder

By using Q235 steel as the substrate, the laser scanning cladding system with paraxial powder feeding type was built based on the IPGYLS-4000 type fiber laser and the paraxial powder feeder, and the deposition experiments were carried out on the Q235 steel substrate. The effects of laser power, scanning velocity and amplitude on the sizes and microstructures of the deposited layer were studied. The results show that the laser power and scanning speed are the main process parameters affecting cracks in the deposited layer. With the increase of laser power, the melting amount of iron based alloy powder increases, the thickness of single layer of deposited metal significantly increases. The influence of scanning speed on the deposited layer width and thickness is larger, with the decrease of the scanning speed, the width and thickness of the deposited layer increase. Through optimizing process parameters, good and crack-free deposited layer can be obtained, which provide theoretical and technical basis for the next step research of laser scanning technology without (small) distortion.