三维旋转喷枪射流分析及机械和控制研究

原油储罐机械清洗作业中布置在浮顶上的喷枪产生三维旋转的射流,分别对罐底和罐顶进行冲刷,使沉积凝固的原油得以破碎和溶解,脱离所附着的罐壁表面,达到清洗的目的。笔者从机械清洗需要形成的射流轨迹入手,通过对结构、喷头运动、齿轮传动系统、气动控制系统的分析研究,设计出具备特殊结构的三维旋转喷枪使其能够满足清洗工程的需要。射流轨迹分析是已知喷枪需要达到的功能的情况下分析喷头的运动模式。喷头运动分析以射流轨迹分析的结果作为输入条件,分析出结构上的几何关系。齿轮传动系统设计以运动分析为基础,计算出喷头自转速度和与公转轴线夹角速度之间的关系,并确定适当的结构和传动比。气动控制系统设计为传动系统提供合适的动力,以及控制喷头在一定的角度范围内摆动。通过对以上关键技术的分析研究,设计出满足原油储罐机械清洗工程需要的三维旋转喷枪。

Study of 3D Rotated Spray Gun on Jet Flow Analysis and Machinery and Control System

During the oil tank mechanical washing operation,the spray guns furnished on the top of floating roof jet 3D retated flow. The jet flow wash against the top and bottom of the oil tank,and crush the freezed deposition making it break away from the face of the oil tank to aim to clean up the tank. The author designed the spray gun with the special construction from the needed jet flow,analysis of construction,movement of spray-head,gear transmission system and pneumatic contral system to meet the washing operation. Jet flow track analysis points out the movement of spray-head by the needed function of the spray gun. Sprayhead movement analysis points out the geometry relation by jet flow track analysis. Gear transmission system design points out the relation of spray-head rotation and revolution,and determines proper construction and gear ratio. Pneumatic contral system points out the proper power and the contral syetem of spray-head swing. By the analysis and study of these key technology,author designed the 3D rotated spray gun meeting the oil tank mechanical washing operation.