疏水性固体酸催化剂应用研究进展

疏水性固体酸催化剂主要通过对传统固体酸催化剂进行改进或引入疏水性基团制备得到，由于其独特的结构和组成，具有在含水体系中活性组分不易流失、催化活性高和催化剂重复使用性能好等优点，是环境友好型催化剂，具有广阔的应用前景。综述5种不同类型的疏水性固体酸催化剂在催化领域的研究进展，包括杂多酸类、无机复合物、氧化物和磷酸盐以及有机-无机复合物。介绍疏水性催化剂的制备与改性方法、催化反应活性及反应机理，探讨不同催化剂的优点及存在的问题，对疏水性固体酸催化剂的发展进行展望。

Recent research on application of water-tolerant solid acid catalysts

The water-tolerant solid acid catalysts were prepared by the methods of modification of traditional solid acid catalysts or introduction of water-tolerant groups. The water-tolerant solid acid catalysts possess the advantages of stable active sites, high catalytic activity and more reused times due to their unique structure and composition. The catalysts are considered as the environmentally friendly catalysts and have promising application prospect. Five different types of water-tolerant solid acid catalysts, including heteropolyacids, inorganic composites, oxides, phosphates and organic-inorganic composites, were reviewed. The methods of preparation and modification, catalytic activity and reaction mechanism of watertolerant solid acid catalysts were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of different catalysts were discussed and the development prospect of water-tolerant solid acid catalysts was outlined.