再生润滑油着色物质的研究

采用白土精制和溶剂精制工艺对再生润滑油J和B进行了脱色处理，并采用裂解 气相色谱 质谱联用(Py GC/MS)分析方法探究了白土吸附物和萃取物的化学结构。对脱色精制前后的油品进行了氧化安定性评价。结果表明，脱色处理降低了再生润滑油的色度号。J油脱出物中含有较多杂环氮化物或疑似抗氧剂烷基二苯胺氧化产物的含氮化合物，而B油脱出物中氮化物含量较少，但含有多种润滑油使用的添加剂。J油中的着色物质主要是天然氮化物和二烷基苯胺类抗氧剂的氧化产物；B油中的着色物质主要是烃类的氧化产物--酮、醛等衍生物。精制后油品抗氧性能相比于精制前下降比较明显。精制工艺脱出物的分析结果与精制后油品抗氧性能下降的实验现象有一定相关性。

Study on Coloring Substances of Refined Lubricating Oil

Clay treatment and solvent extraction were used to reduce the color scales of two regenerated lubricating oils, J and B. The chemical structures of the substances adsorbed by clay and the extracts were explored by Pyrolysis GC/MS method(Py GC/MS). The oxidation stabilities of refined J and B oils were evaluated. The results showed that clay treatment and solvent extraction could reduce the color number of the regenerated lubricating oil. In the substances adsorbed by clay and the extracts of J oil there were more heterocyclic nitride and nitrogen oxidation products of diphenylamine compounds, while in those of B oil there were sorts of lubricant additives and less nitrogen compounds. The coloring substances of J oil were mainly inherent nitrides and the degradation products of dialkyl amine antioxidants, while the coloring substances of B oil were mainly oxidation products of hydrocarbon, such as ketones, aldehydes and other derivatives. Compared with the unrefined lubricating oil, the oxidation stability of refined oil decreased obviously. There was a certain correlation between the analysis results of extracts or adsorbed substances from refining process and the reduction of antioxidant properties of the refined lubricating oil.