车用双墙系统声学性能试验与仿真研究

双墙系统是汽车声学中的常用结构,其结构中聚氨酯(Polyurethane,PU)泡沫材料的声学参数以及结构隔声性能的准确仿真建模是声学性能改善的关键。通过对车用聚氨酯(PU)多孔泡沫材料的部分声学参数的测量,并基于Biot理论反求其余参数,获得了满足仿真精度要求的完整声学参数。对双墙系统层间不贴合(Unbonded-Bonded,UB)和贴合(Boned-Bonded,BB)两种不同边界条件,进行了双墙系统隔声性能仿真建模,并将仿真结果与实测结果进行了对比,结果表明,除个别频段外,仿真计算结果与实测结果两者的误差在2 d B以内,且在实际常用的UB边界条件下,仿真与实测结果相符更好。研究所给出的仿真建模方法可有效用于汽车声学中双墙系统构件的声学性能设计和产品开发。

Simulation and experimental study of acoustic performances for vehicle double wall system

In this paper, some acoustic parameters of polyurethane foam (PU) are tested, and other acoustic parameters are reconstructed based on BIOT theory. Furthermore, the accuracy is verified by experiments. The results indicate that the acoustic parameters obtained meet the desired accuracy. A simulation modeling method for the sound transmission loss of a vehicle double wall system in different boundary conditions is also illustrated in this paper. The comparison shows that the simulation results match well with the experimental results. The preceding plan of car parts development based on the double wall system of sound-package can be instructed effectively by the simulation modeling method in this paper.