燃油加氢深度脱硫过程的生态环境影响分析

为了评价清洁燃料生产过程对生态环境影响,采用基于全生命周期方法的Eco indicator 99评价了加氢精制过程中CO2和SO2直接排放和间接排放对生态环境的综合影响,分析了清洁燃料品质提升及其生产过程对生态环境的影响。研究表明,对于加工量3 Mt/a的柴油加氢装置,当产品柴油中硫质量分数从196 μg/g降至38 μg/g时,为生产清洁燃料所付出的代价是向生态环境增加CO2排放量3769 kt/a,清洁燃料生产过程的环境损害从1731 Mpt/a增大到1765 Mpt/a,增幅为20%;加氢精制过程中,氢气和蒸汽的消耗是CO2和SO2排放的主要来源。为了减小燃料生产和消费对生态环境的影响,应从全生命周期角度评价清洁燃料的生产过程和工艺改进对生态环境的影响。

Analysis of Eco-environmental Impacts of Deep Hydrodesulfurization Process for Fuel Production

In order to evaluate the environmental impacts of production processes for clean fuel, the comprehensive effects of CO2 and SO2 emissions in typical hydrotreating processes on the ecological environment were quantitatively analyzed by Eco indicator 99 based on life cycle assessment method, and the effects of quality improvement for clean fuel and its production process were also involved. The results indicated that for a diesel hydrotreating unit with processing capacity of 3 Mt/a, the sulfur mass fraction in the product is reduced from 196 μg/g to 38 μg/g at the cost of the increase of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere in the amount of 3769 kt/a, and the environmental damages is increased by 20%, from 1731 Mpt/a to 1765 Mpt/a. The consumptions of hydrogen and steam in the hydroteating unit are the major sources of CO2 and SO2 emissions. In order to reduce the impacts of fuel production and consumption on the ecological environment, these impacts should be evaluated from the perspective of life cycle analysis.