Ultra wideband (UWB) dielectric resonator antenna using fractal-inspired feeding mechanism

This article examines a compact dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for UWB applications. Here a composite feeding structure excites a dielectric resonator which in tern provides the resonant modes TE₁₁₁, TE₁₂₁, TE₂₁₂, and TE₂₂₂. The dielectric resonator (DR), built of alumina ceramic (ε_{r, DR} = 9.8), is mounted on a fractal triangular patch, inspired by Sierpinski Gasket. The suggested DRA is supported by a FR4 substrate (ε_{r, sub} = 4.4) and measures compactly 40 × 30 × 8.5 mm³. To confirm the results of its simulations, the proposed antenna's prototype is prepared and measured up to the second iteration. The measured outcome demonstrates that the suggested antenna has a frequency range of 3.38–10.71 GHz (104%) for S₁₁ < ?10 dB and provides a maximum gain of 7.23 dBi at 8 GHz along with highest possible simulated efficiency of 98%. The suggested DRA is appropriate for small-range future 4G/5G UWB wireless multimedia applications due to its ultrawide bandwidth, excellent gain, reasonable efficiency, omnidirectional radiation features, and compact construction. This DRA is also suitable for repeaters of mobile and vehicular communications.