Assessment of safety margins of exposure to non-genotoxic chemical substances in food |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Food Engineering for Development (IUIAD), Department of Food Technology (DTA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, 16, 46022 Valencia, Spain;2. MEDASEGI Research Group, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, 16, 46022 Valencia, Spain;1. LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;2. A3D-Association for Drug Discovery and Development, Rua do Baixeiro, nº 38, Aveiro, Portugal |
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Abstract: | The concept of Food Safety Margin (FSM) was introduced in microbiological risk analysis as an alternative approach to risk characterization within the informed-risk decision-making process. Its aim was to verify compliance with food safety objectives by assessing the effects of uncertainties. This paper describes the fundamentals and develop a new formulation of safety margins to verify compliance with food safety goals in relation to exposure to non-genotoxic chemical hazards. Both classical and probabilistic metrics were used to compare a given exposure to an estimated daily intake (EDI) with a given safety goal, the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The safety margins of these metrics were assessed in the exposure of peaches to organophosphorus pesticides. The pesticides considered were Azinphos-methyl, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dimethoate, Methamidophos, Parathion-methyl and Phosmet. The concentrations were obtained from the USDA pesticide database. The study period included the 11 years in which peaches were analysed from 1994 to 2014. The results show the importance of using the effect of uncertainty instead of mean values for risk characterization and that not only safety margins increased during this period but also that uncertainty was reduced. In general, large safety margins were observed in the period studied and few situations were found in which exposure was outside the safety limits. |
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Keywords: | Daily intake EDI ADI Safety margin metrics Food Organophosphorus pesticides Peaches Risk assessment Risk characterization Risk-informed decision-making |
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