Sonochemistry fabrication of Er2Sn2O7 nanoparticles with advanced photocatalytic performance of their carbonic nanocomposites

The insufficiency of clean water sources has become a perilous tension for the future of the world that one of the eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions is the photocatalytic process for removal of artificial dyes and poisonous organic impurities. In the current research, a simple sonochemistry process was accomplished to gain Er₂Sn₂O₇ (ESO) nanoparticles with progressive photo-catalytic proficiency. Various surfactants of cationic Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), anionic Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polymeric polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) were utilized to the creation of pure Er₂Sn₂O₇ nanoparticles. The figure and dimension of products were studied by various characterization procedures of spectroscopic and microscopic. The photo-degradation performances of the pure Er₂Sn₂O₇ nanoparticles prepared in different conditions were tested to remove of diverse synthetic dyes. Carbon-based nanocomposites of graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C₃N₄), graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and graphene oxide (GO) present enhanced photocatalytic activities. The outcome of the catalyst size, type of dye, kind of carbon structure and scavenger kind was labeled on modifying ability of Er–Sn–O nano-catalyst task. Optimized Er₂Sn₂O₇/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites have an efficiency of 93.9% for degradation of acid red dye that OH radicals support photo-degradation of contamination.