Trade-off study between risk and benefit in safety devices for hydrogen refueling stations using a dynamic physical model |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79–7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya–ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240–8501, Japan;2. Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79–5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya–ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240–8501, Japan;3. Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79–7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya–ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240–8501, Japan;4. Japan Petroleum Energy Center, 2–11–1 Shibakoen, Minato–ku, Tokyo 105–0011, Japan;5. The Association of Hydrogen Supply and Utilization Technology, 2-10-5 Akasaka Minato–ku, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan;6. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan |
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| Abstract: | As hydrogen refueling stations become increasingly common, it is clear that a high level of economic efficiency and safety is crucial to promoting their use. One way to reduce costs is to use a simple orifice instead of an excess flow valve, which Japanese safety regulations have identified as a safety device. However, there is concern about its effect on refueling time and on risk due to hydrogen leakage. To clarify the effect, we did a study of model-based refueling time evaluation and quantitative risk assessment for a typical refueling station. This study showed that an orifice is an effective alternative safety device. The increase in refueling time was less than 10%, based on simulations using a dynamic physical model of the station. Neither was there a significant difference in the risk between a configuration with excess flow valves and one with an orifice. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrogen refueling station Safety device Dynamic physical model Quantitative risk assessment |
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