Curtailed electricity and hydrogen in Association of Southeast Asian Nations and East Asia Summit: Perspectives form an economic and environmental analysis

This study examines how well producing hydrogen via electrolysis from curtailed electricity from renewables could fulfil environmental benefits against the cost of producing hydrogen via electrolysis in the context of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the East Asia Summit (EAS). The cost of producing hydrogen via electrolysis ranges from less than USD² per kgH₂ when the electrolyser load factor is 1500 h or above to USD10 per kgH₂ or even higher when the electrolyser load factor is 500 h or lower. The amount of CO₂ emissions abated by hydrogen produced from curtailed electricity from renewables ranges from about 130 million tonnes to about 150 million tonnes for ASEAN and from about 18,000 million tonnes to about 19,000 million tonnes for EAS. Applying prevailing carbon prices to the CO₂ emissions abated, the possible monetised benefits of hydrogen produced via electrolysis from curtailed electricity from renewables range from about USD0.25 per kgH₂ to about USD9.00 per kg H₂ for ASEAN and from about USD0.50 per kgH₂ to about USD15.00 per kg H₂ for EAS. The results of the cost-benefit analysis suggest that the price of carbon needs to be about USD15 per tonne of CO₂ to justify hydrogen produced via electrolysis from curtailed electricity from renewables for both ASEAN and EAS. The results also suggest that high electrolyser load factors make hydrogen produced via electrolysis from curtailed electricity from renewables cost-competitive even under low carbon prices.