Opportunities for bipartisanship: Comparing water and energy policy in the Great Lakes region |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Natural Resources & Environment, Lake Superior State University, 650 W. Easterday Ave., Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA;2. Center for Freshwater Research and Education, Lake Superior State University, 650 W. Easterday Ave., Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA;1. University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA;2. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Green Bay Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 2661 Scott Tower Drive, New Franken, WI 54229, USA;3. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Fisheries Management, 110 S Neenah Ave, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235, USA;1. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada;2. US Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, Lake Ontario Biological Station, 17 Lake St., Oswego, NY 13126, United States;3. US Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430, United States;4. Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9690, United States;5. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, MI 49855, United States;1. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;2. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center for Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60 let Oktjabrja pr-t, 7, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia;1. Great Salt Lake Brine Shrimp Cooperative, Inc., 1750 W. 2450 S., Ogden, UT 84401, USA;2. Jonah Ventures, LLC., 5485 Conestoga Ct #210, Boulder, CO 80301, USA;3. OreoHelix Ecological, Vineyard, UT 84059, USA;4. Greenwater Laboratories, 205 Zeagler Dr., Suite 302, Palatka, FL 32177, USA |
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| Abstract: | The Great Lakes contain most of the United States’ surface freshwater and provide deep personal and economic connections for the residents of the region. These connections create an opportunity for bipartisanship in environmental policies with the potential to permeate energy policies. To explore that possibility, this paper examines how party affiliation affects support for water policy and energy policy in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Data from the Great Lakes Region Public Opinion Survey asked 696 Republicans, Independents, and Democrats from the Great Lakes region to respond to a range of environmental policy prompts. Responses to the policy prompts are grouped into four components: Water Quality, Water Diversions, Traditional Fuels, and Renewables. The results find that there is bipartisan support for the Water Quality and Water Diversions components. Energy policies do not receive the same bipartisan support, with Democrats and Independents having more support for the Renewables component while Republicans have more support for the Traditional Fuels component. However, when the fuel source is tied to its pollutants of the Great Lakes, then reactions to that fuel source receive a bipartisan response. The results of this research suggest that embedding water policy in energy policy may allow those policies to receive more bipartisan support. Combining water policy and energy policy can depolarize some of the politics surrounding environmental policy broadly. |
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| Keywords: | Great Lakes Bipartisanship Environmental policy Water policy Energy policy |
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