Q345钢对接接头残余应力与变形的预测

以ABAQUS软件为平台,开发了用于模拟多层多道焊接头温度场、残余应力和焊接变形的热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法. 利用所开发的计算方法对板厚为16 mm的Q345钢平板对接接头的温度场、应力场和变形进行了数值模拟. 采用试验方法测量了对接接头的残余应力和角变形. 试验结果与数值结果比较吻合,验证了所开发方法的有效性. 结果表明,在板厚相同的条件下角变形和横向收缩随着焊接层数的增多有增大的趋势;焊缝附近的纵向拉伸应力区域分布范围随焊接层数的增加略有减小;焊接层数对纵向残余应力的峰值影响较小.

Prediction on welding residual stress and deformation in Q345 steel butt-welded joints

Based on ABAQUS software, a thermal-elastic-plastic finite element method (FEM) was developed to simulate welding temperature field, residual stresses and deformation for multi-pass joints. The residual stresses and deformation in Q345 butt-welded joint with 16 mm thickness were simulated through using the developed computational approach. Meanwhile, experiments were carried out to measure the welding residual stresses and angular distortion in the butt-welded joint. Through comparing the measured data and the simulated result, it is found that both the residual stress and deformation predicted by FEM are in good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the results show that the angular distortion and transverse shrinkage increase with the number of weld pass. The numerical results also suggest that the region with high tensile longitudinal stress slightly decreases when the number of weld pass changes from three to five, while the peak value of longitudinal residual stress is not sensitive to the number of weld pass.