《说文解字》声训研究述论

从清代段玉裁以来,《说文》声训逐渐受到关注,成为研究的对象。至今,众多的研究者为此作了大量的工作:分析了《说文》声训的含量、类别,揭示了某些特殊声训的文化涵义,从语源学角度作了一定程度的研究,利用声训材料验证古音问题,探讨了《说文》声训的作用和影响。其中的成绩固然值得肯定,但存在明显的不足,还有五大问题有待于深入研究。

Review of study on Shengxun in ShuowenJiezi

Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen for short) is the oldest monograph on the Chinese writing system, which analyses the form and structure of Chinese characters by theory of Liushu (six ways of word formation) to search for its original meaning. It is a compilation of exegesis before Han dynasty. There are lots of Shengxun in Shuowen,which uses one word to explain another in terms of sameness or similarity in pronunciation. Shengxun in Shuowen was gradually drawing attention from the public since the time of Duanyucai in Qing Dynasty, and is regarded as a subject for study now. Lots of research has been done to enumerate and classify Shengxun in Shuowen. This paper analyses the enumeration and the classification, and reveals the cultural connotation of some special Shengxun. It also studies Shengxu from the etymological point of view and probes the role and influence of Shengxun based on the Shengxun material that can verify ancient Chinese phonetics. Much has been left to be desired as seen from five problems left for further research, though great achievements have been made in the study concerned.