Jojoba oil wax esters and derived fatty acids and alcohols: Gas chromatographic analyses |
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Authors: | Thomas K Miwa |
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Affiliation: | (1) Northern Regional Research Laboratory, 61604 Peoria, Illinois |
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Abstract: | HCl-catalyzed ethanolysis followed by saponification readily surmounts the resistance of long chain wax esters to direct hydrolysis
by alkali. Additionally, choosing ethyl instead of methyl esters allows baseline separations between long-chain alcohols and
corresponding esters in gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of total alcohol and acid components before saponification.
Liquid wax esters were analyzed on a temperature-programmed 3% OV-1 silicone column. Geographical and genetic effects on the
variability of jojoba oil composition were investigated with five different seed samples. Major constituents in jojoba seed
oil from shrubs in the Arizona deserts, as indicated by GLC analyses of oil, ethanolysis product, isolated fatty alcohols
and methyl esters of isolated fatty acids, were C40 wax ester 30%, C42 wax ester 50% and C44 wax ester 10%; octadecenoic acid 6%; eicosenoic acid 35%, docosenoic acid 7%, eicosenol 22%, docosenol 21% and tetracosenol
4%. Oil from smaller leaved prostrate plants growing along California’s oceanside showed a slight tendency toward higher molecular
size than oils from the California desert and Arizona specimens. The wax esters are made up of a dispro-portionately large
amount of docosenyl eicosenoate and are not a random combination of constituent acids and alcohols.Lunaria annua synthetic wax ester oil was used as a model for evaluating the analytical procedures.
Presented at the AOCS Meeting, Chicago, September 1970
No. Utiliz, Res. Dev. Div., ARS, USDA. |
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