基于目标高度先验信息的多站时差无源定位方法

该文针对利用多站到达时差观测量的辐射源目标定位问题，已知目标高度先验信息，提出一种基于加权最小二乘的闭式高精度定位方法。近距离场景下，可忽略地球曲率影响，此时目标高度信息可等效为目标的1维坐标。基于该条件，使用一种新的两步加权最小二乘算法实现对目标的定位解算。该算法不需要目标位置初始值估计，无需迭代运算，计算量较小。仿真表明:利用目标高度先验信息可有效提高对目标的定位精度；在观测量噪声为高斯噪声且功率较小时，算法定位性能可达到克拉美罗界。

Passive Localization Using TDOA Measurements from Multiple Sensors Based on Priori Knowledge of Target Altitude

To solve the problem of radiant target localization using Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) measurements from multiple sensors, an algebraic closed-form method based on Weighted Least Squares (WLS) minimizations is proposed, with the priori knowledge of target altitude. In near distance scenario, neglecting the effect of earth curvature, the target altitude can be regarded as one-dimensional coordinate of the target. Based on this condition, the target position is solved by a new two-step WLS algorithm. It does not require initial solution guess, and is computationally attractive due to the non-iterative operation. Simulation results show that the target localization accuracy is greatly improved using target altitude, and the proposed method can reach Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) accuracy under small Gaussian measurement noise.