Middleware for Internet of Things: Survey and Challenges |
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Authors: | Samia Allaoua Chelloug Mohamed A El-Zawawy |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;b College of Computer and Information Sciences, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;c Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt |
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Abstract: | The Internet of things (IoT) applications span many potential fields. Furthermore, smart homes, smart
cities, smart vehicular networks, and healthcare are very attractive and intelligent applications. In
most of these applications, the system consists of smart objects that are equipped by sensors and
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and may rely on other technological computing and paradigm
solutions such as M2M (machine to machine) computing, Wifi, Wimax, LTE, cloud computing, etc. Thus,
the IoT vision foresees that we can shift from traditional sensor networks to pervasive systems, which
deliver intelligent automation by running services on objects. Actually, a significant attention has been
given to designing a middleware that supports many features; heterogeneity, mobility, scalability,
multiplicity, and security. This papers reviews the-state-of-the-art techniques for IoT middleware
systems and reveals an interesting classification for these systems into service and agent-oriented
systems. Therefore two visions have emerged to provide the IoT middleware systems: Via designing
the middleware for IoT system as an eco-system of services or as an eco-system of agents. The most
common feature of the two approaches is the ability to overcome heterogeneity issues. However,
the agent approach provides context awareness and intelligent elements. The review presented in
this paper includes a detailed comparison between the IoT middleware approaches. The paper also
explores challenges that form directions for future research on IoT middleware systems. Some of the
challenges arise, because some crucial features are not provided (or at most partially provided) by the
existing middleware systems, while others have not been yet tackled by current research in IoT. |
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Keywords: | IOT Middleware Sensor network RFID Service oriented middleware Agent oriented middleware |
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