黄河下游的防洪体系

黄河下游是世界名的悬河,历史上决口频繁,灾害严重,今后下游河床仍将抬高,黄河洪水灾害仍是中华民族的心腹之患,防洪建设意义重大。人民治黄以来防洪方略不断发展,完善,由宽河固堤“发展到上拦下排、两岸分滞”。经过半个世纪的努力,初步建成由堤防工程,河道整治工程,分滞洪工程以及中游干支流水库组成的黄河下游防洪工程体系。

Flood Protection System in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

ith frequently being breached of the dyke in the history and serious disasters,the Yellow River is world famous suspended in the lower reaches. In future,the river channel in the lowerreaches will be lifted further,the flood disaster is still a serious hidden danger for the Chinese nation,so the flood protection is of great significance.Since the people harnessing the river,thestrategy of flood protection has developed and perfected from"widening the channel and reinforcing dykes"to"storage in upper reaches and delivering in lower reaches,and separate flood detention outside of its both dykes".The flood protection project system has been briefly established inthe lower reaches of the Yellow River after the past half century efforts which comprise of projects of dykes,realignment of the river course, flood diversion and retention, and reserviors inmain stream and tributaries in the middle reaches.The non--project flood protection treatmentshas been strengthened,a flood protection command system and orgnized team specialized with theYellow River characteristics formed, hydrological information network developed, hydrologicalprediction found and perfected,and the Yellow River flood protection communication networkpreliminarily established The great achievment of without breach during flood seasons in the past half century has been obtained. However,owing to the river course siltation,it is necessary to continue the development of flood protection system in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.