公共健康视角下城市社区绿道空间挖掘与规划选线研究——以苏州市中心城区为例

社区绿道作为基层公共健康单元的重要组成部分，发挥支持人群活动、服务日常生活、促进身心发展的效用。在后疫情背景下，研究聚焦社区绿道选线问题，以苏州市中心城区为案例区，从解读公共健康与社区绿道关系入手，明晰公共健康视角下社区绿道，在集聚人群活动、连接便捷服务、提供舒适环境的效能的基础上，运用热力图叠加分析、POI数据核密度计算、载体空间适建性评价等技术手段，展开社区绿道出行活力度、目的地潜力度、载体适建性的综合评价，以充分挖掘促进“生理—心理—社会”健康综合提升的社区绿道选线及方案，以推进健康中国建设，增进人民健康福祉。

Research on spatial excavation and route selection method of urban communitygreenway in public health perspective: A case study of central district of Suzhou

Community greenway is an important part of grass-roots public health unit. Fromthe actual construction, the current community greenway has not fully integrated green spaceand facility resources, resulting in an imbalance of connectivity and continuity, and insufficientconnection with the upper-level greenway. There is also the problem of lack of green spacelandscape construction, which together lead to poor perception and experience of residents. Afterthe construction of community greenway, the actual participation and utilization rate of communitygreenway are not high, resulting in the actual benefit of community greenway to public health. Fromthe perspective of theoretical research, the traditional research is only limited to the perspectiveof community interior, and discusses the potential of community greenway construction androute selection planning methods with relatively single goals, which is still insufficient in terms ofsystematical and comprehensive.This paper starts with the interpretation of the relationship between public health andcommunity greenway, and summarizes the development vein of community greenway. Communitygreenway has experienced three stages, from the parkway connecting park green space andcommunity, to the slow way dealing with the relationship between pedestrian and afforestation, andto the greenway network strengthening its own community functionality. Public health is the coreutility and value representation of community greenway. On the one hand, from the perspective offunctional utility, community greenway plays the role of healthy environment, healthy life, healthyhygiene, healthy activities, healthy transportation, health services, health facilities and healthysociety; on the other hand, from the perspective of value representation, the development andevolution process of community greenway reflects the value shift of public health in the regulationobject, supply mode, service mode and space carrier. Community greenway is an important wayand means to realize public health. Community greenway plays a positive role in health during theepidemic period. In normal times, community greenways can effectively improve the ecologicalenvironment, create a landscape environment, and provide activity space, so as to meet the publichealth needs of residents in physical, psychological and social dimensions, and promote thedevelopment of healthy lifestyle of residents. In the epidemic period, community greenway caneffectively provide safe communication channels, effective ventilation corridors, and moderatesocial communication space, so as to exert public health effects such as controlling the source ofinfection, cutting off the transmission route, and easing residents'' visual and psychological pressure.From the perspective of public health, community greenway has three characteristics: a communitycommunication and recreation place for gathering people, a community living circle contact channelfor providing convenient services, and a community green infrastructure for creating a comfortable environment.In the post-epidemic context, this study focuses on the selection of community greenways, defines the characteristics of community greenways from theperspective of public health, and takes the downtown area of Suzhou as a case area to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of community greenway travelactivity, destination potential, carrier suitability, in order to fully explore the community greenway route selection and plan to promote the comprehensiveimprovement of “physiological-psychological-social” health. Firstly, Baidu thermal node maps of different time periods and the superposition of thermaltrack maps of walking and cycling were used to analyze the community travel activity, and nodes and paths with high vitality were selected as the primaryselection scheme for greenway route selection. Then, POI data of community service facilities is used to analyze the potential of community traveldestinations, and high-potential nodes and high-vitality nodes are selected for superposition analysis, and unselected nodes with great potential are extractedas supplements to optimize the nodes that need to be connected in greenway route selection. Finally, the greenway carrier space suitability evaluation modelwas used to analyze the community travel environment comfort, and the unselected paths with great construction potential were extracted as a supplementto optimize the path scheme of greenway route selection. Then, through the optimization and classification of nodes and paths, the final plan of public healthorientedgreenway selection was formed.According to the statistical results of greenway in each district, the fluctuation of greenway network density is small, which indicates that the greenwayroute selection scheme has good rationality and balance. The fluctuation range of importance greenway network density is slightly larger than the overallfluctuation range, and the change of the sequence of industrial park and Wuzhong district is obvious, indicating that the greenway route selection inindustrial park covers more dynamic and potential link nodes, and the efficiency is higher. From the overall density of nodes, the urban area built earlier has arelatively good community travel activity. Although the node density of the new city industrial park is the lowest, the number of nodes is the largest, showinga strong level of facilities and service capabilities, and great potential for future development. By exploring the community greenway route selection from theperspective of public health in downtown Suzhou, this study is expected to provide theoretical and practical reference for the space mining and planning ofcommunity greenway route selection in other cities.