题材、形式与隐喻:五邑侨乡民国时期学校建筑装饰纹样研究

目的 五邑侨乡民国学校建筑是世界文化遗产“开平碉楼与村落”中重要的组成部分,通过对其建筑纹样的研究来拓展中国传统纹样的研究范围,为今后地域特色文创产品设计提供设计素材。方法 文章基于田野调查大量地搜集五邑侨乡民国时期学校建筑的装饰纹样,通过纹样清晰完整、建筑修建时间较早与学校建筑类型全面这三个原则,筛选出248张完整纹样作为研究样本,对样本纹样的题材类型、纹样构图形式与纹样隐喻内涵三个方面进行研究分析。结论 发现当时五邑侨乡民众在坚守中国传统文化和崇尚西方先进工业文明的同时,勇于突破创新,将中、西文化元素与本土特色元素三者进行大胆融合,创造出了五邑侨乡本土审美的纹样样式。

Theme, Form and Metaphor:Study on Decorative Patterns of School Buildings in Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township During the Republic of China

School building of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township is an important part of the world cultural heritage "Kaiping Diaolou and Village". The work aims to research their architectural patterns to expand the research scope of Chinese traditional patterns and provide materials for the future design of cultural and creative products with regional characteristics. Based on field investigation, a large number of decorative patterns of school buildings in Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township during the Republic of China were collected, and 248 complete patterns were selected as research samples according to the three principles of clear and complete patterns, early construction time and comprehensive types of school buildings to study and analyze the theme types, composition forms and metaphorical connotations of sample patterns. It is found that while adhering to the traditional Chinese culture and advocating the new industrial civilization of the West at that time, the people of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township had the courage to break through and innovate, and boldly integrated the elements of Chinese and Western culture with the elements of local characteristics to create the local aesthetic pattern of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township.