桥梁生命周期环境影响的多级模糊综合评价

为了量化评价桥梁的综合环境影响,提出了桥梁生命周期环境影响的多级模糊综合评价方法。在分析桥梁的设计、原材料的生产加工、现场的施工、桥梁的运营、桥梁的废弃这生命周期5个阶段环境影响的基础上,按照客观性、科学性、完整性、有效性等原则建立了多级综合评价指标体系。将桥梁生命周期环境影响分为负面影响较大、负面影响较小、基本无影响、正面影响较小、正面影响较大5个等级,采用改进的层次分析法确定权重,并引入模糊数学方法进行综合评价。应用该方法对武汉市南太子湖大桥生命周期环境影响进行分析评价。结果表明,原材料生产和桥梁施工过程对环境影响较大。该方法可作为桥梁生命周期环境影响评价的基本方法,用于桥梁工程环境影响综合评价。

Comprehensive fuzzy assessment on the life-cycle environment impact of bridges

A life cycle assessment ( LCA) framework using fuzzy mathematics was developed to evaluate the environment impact of bridges. The bridge life was divided into 5 stages: bridge design, raw materials processing, construction, operation, and demolition. An evaluation index system was established by analyzing the environmental impact of a bridge. Bridge life-cycle environmental impact was categorized into 5 grades: great negative influence, little negative influence, no influence, little positive influence, and great positive influence. Based on the improved AHP method, a fuzzy method was introduced to evaluate comprehensive environmental impact of bridges. The Southern Taizi Lake Bridge in Wuhan was analyzed as a typical case study. The results show that the major environment impact is during raw materials processing and construction. The method can be used to assess the life-cycle environmental impact of construction projects and help the stakeholders make decisions.