考虑输电线路安全的机械除冰次序优化

机械除冰是应对输电线路覆冰灾害的重要手段，现有研究主要集中在除冰方法的改进，而对机械除冰实施过程的影响研究较少。研究发现在机械除冰过程中，如果按照从输电线路一端开始顺序除冰的策略，杆塔承受的最大不平衡力可能超过设计标准，影响输电线路安全，而不同的除冰次序会产生不同的最大不平衡力。为此，有必要对机械除冰的除冰次序进行优化，提高机械除冰的安全性。首先分析了机械除冰过程中除冰次序对杆塔平衡力的影响，然后建立了输电线路机械除冰次序优化模型。由于该模型为非线性、多约束模型，采用遗传算法对不同档导线覆冰清除的次序进行优化。仿真分析表明，优化后的除冰次序能够有效地降低杆塔承受不平衡力，提高机械除冰过程中输电线路的安全性。

Mechanical De-icing Sequence Optimization Considering Transmission Line Security

The mechanical de-icing technique is an important method for coping with icing disasters of transmission lines. Current research mainly focuses on the improvement of the deicing method while few researches are conducted on the effect of mechanical de-icing process. It is found that the unbalance force in transmission tower may exceed the design criteria in the process of deicing conducted according to the sequence from one end to the other, which affects the security of transmission lines. At the same time, the maximum unbalance force in transmission tower varies with different mechanical de-icing sequences. Therefore, it's necessary to optimize the mechanical de-icing sequence to increase the security of mechanical de-icing. Firstly, the impact of de-icing sequence on the unbalance force in transmission tower is analyzed. And then, a sequence optimization model of mechanical de-icing is constructed in this paper. Given the nonlinearity and multiple constraints of the model, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the de-icing sequence of conductors with different spans. Simulation results show that the optimized mechanical de-icing sequence can effectively lower the unbalance force and improve the security of power lines in the process of mechanical de-icing.