Optimisation of supercapacitors using carbons with controlled nanotexture and nitrogen content |
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Authors: | E Frackowiak G Lota C Vix-Guterl |
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Affiliation: | a Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, ul. Piotrowo 3, Poland b Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum and Coal, Wroclaw University of Technology, ul. Gdanska 7/9, 50-344 Wroclaw, Poland c Institut de Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces (ICSI), 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France d CRMD, CNRS-University, 1b rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans, France |
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Abstract: | In order to optimize the performance of supercapacitors, the capacitance of the carbon materials used as electrodes was strictly related to their pores size and also to their redox properties. Well-sized carbons have been elaborated through a template technique using mesoporous silica. For a series of template carbons, a perfect linear dependence has been found for the capacitance values versus the micropore volume determined by CO2 adsorption. The redox properties of carbons were enhanced by substituting nitrogen for carbon up to ca. 7 wt.%. For carbons with similar nanotextural characteristics, the electrochemical measurements showed a proportional increase of the specific capacitance with the nitrogen content in acidic electrolyte. For an activated carbon from polyacrylonitrile with a specific surface area of only 800 m2 g−1, but with a nitrogen content of 7 wt.%, the capacitance reaches 160 F g−1, with very little fading during cycling. |
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Keywords: | Supercapacitor Carbon electrode Heteroatom Nitrogen Template carbon Pseudocapacitance |
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