主动探测式保护关键技术概述及展望

以新能源为主体的新型电力系统中广泛应用的电力电子设备引入了新的故障特征，对继电保护性能提出了更高的要求，传统继电保护技术难以适用。主动探测式保护利用可控的电力电子设备生成特定的探测信号，引入了更为清晰明确的故障特征，可以构造更为简便、灵敏、可靠的保护新原理。基于扰动的故障分析方法为主动探测式保护提供了理论基础，电力电子技术的发展为主动探测式保护提供了应用基础。针对主动探测式保护的具体实现方案，详细分析了探测信号的选择、生成、注入时机和处理等关键技术，归纳整理了主动探测式保护在直流系统和新能源发电等典型场景下的应用。对未来的研究方向和工程实践中可能遇到的问题进行了总结评述，期望能为主动探测式保护的深入研究提供参考。

Overview and prospect of key technologies for active detection protection

Power electronic equipment widely used in the new power system with renewable energy as the main body has introduced new fault characteristics and raised higher requirements for the performance of protective relaying. Traditional protective relaying technology is not sufficient. Active detection protection uses controllable power electronic equipment to generate specific detection signals, and introduces clearer fault characteristics, from which one can construct more simple, sensitive, and reliable protection principles. The disturbance-based fault analysis method provides a theoretical basis for active detection protection, and the development of power electronic technology provides an application basis for active detection protection. For a specific implementation scheme of active detection protection, the key technologies of detection signal selection, generation, injection timing and processing are analyzed in detail, and the applications of active detection protection in typical scenarios such as a DC system and renewable energy power generation are summarized. Future research directions and possible problems in engineering practice are summarized and commented on, and it is expected that this will provide a reference for further research on active detection protection.