超细二氧化硅纤维/橡胶复合材料的结构与性能研究

通过静电纺丝技术制备了直径为300~500 nm的超细二氧化硅纤维,制备的纤维进一步研磨和超声处理得到二氧化硅短纤维,然后将其填充到胎面胶中,分析了不同取向的二氧化硅纤维对胎面胶物理机械性能与动态力学性能的影响。结果表明：二氧化硅纤维在胎面胶基体中有着良好的分散,可以明显提高复合材料的100%定伸模量。在动态性能上,当纤维取向方向与分子链方向一致时,其60~80oC损耗因子最小。当纤维取向方向与分子链方向垂直时,0~-20oC损耗因子最大。因此该二氧化硅纤维作为一种新型增强填料在胎面胶上有着良好的应用前景。

Structure and Properties of Ultrafine SiO2 Fiber/Rubber Composite

Ultrafine silica (SiO₂) fibers with diameter of 300~500 nm were fabricated via electrospinning, followed by grinding and ultrasonic treatment. The fibers were further compound with tread rubber. The influence of SiO₂ fibers with different orientation in the rubber on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the tread rubber were investigated. The results indicated that the SiO₂fibers had a fine dispersion in the rubber matrix, and the 100% modulus of the composites was improved. Among all the samples, the fiber reinforced compositehad the lowest loss factor at 60~80_oC when the fiber orientation was parallel to the rubber molecular. Meanwhile, the composite had the high loss factor at 0~-20_oC when the fiber orientation was perpendicular to the rubber molecular. Therefore, the silica fibers as a novel reinforcing filler have potential application in tread rubber.