生物柴油低温流动改进剂的制备及其降滤效果评价

为降低大豆油生物柴油的冷滤点，合成了马来酸酐-丙烯酰胺-苯乙烯醇解衍生物（AAS）以及助剂环己醇脂肪酸酯（CF），并对其进行红外表征。通过正交实验，优化了三元共聚物（AAS）的工艺条件，同时考察了自制AAS分别与助剂CF以及德国蜡晶分散剂的复配效果。实验结果表明，合成AAS的最佳工艺条件为：单体配比2：1.5：0.75，引发剂（BPO）用量1.5%，催化剂加量1.0%，共聚温度75℃，共聚时间5 h，醇解时间3 h，酐醇比7：12。当AAS添加量为0.3%时，可使大豆油生物柴油冷滤点降低4℃。与助剂CF以1：1质量配比复配可使大豆油生物柴油冷滤点降低6℃，并可使菜籽油生物柴油降低5℃。

Synthesis and performance evaluation of cold flow improver for biodiesel oil

The purpose of this paper is to develop maleate improvers and additive，based on the mechanisms improving cold flow property of diesel fuel and the characteristics of biodiesel. The terpolymer AAS was prepared by copolymerizing maleic anhydride (MA), acrylamide (AM) and styrene and the preparation conditions were optimized using orthogonal experiments. CF was prepared with cyclohexanol and fatty acids. The products obtained were identified by IR, and its cold flow property evaluated. The best preparation conditions: n(MA):n(AM):n(S)=2:1.5:0.75, initiator BPO 1.5% (based on total mass of monomers, mass), copolymerization temperature 75℃, copolymerization time 5 h, catalyst dosage 1.0%( base on total mass of alcohol, mass), n(MA):n(alcohol)= 7:12, alcoholysis time 3 h. When AAS dosage was 0.3% (base on based oil, mass), the CFPP drop of biodiesel from soybean oil was 4℃. When AAS mixed with CF in mass ratio of 1:1, the CFPP of biodiesel from soybean oil and biodiesel from rapeseed oil could be reduced by 6℃ and 5℃ respectively.