表面活性剂对纳米SnO2负极材料形貌结构及电化学性能的影响

为了提高SnO_2负极材料的电化学性能,本文以锡酸钠为原料、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、尿素、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)分别作为表面活性剂,采用水热法制备了具有纳米结构的SnO_2负极材料.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电化学测试仪测试了材料的形貌、结构和电化学性质.结果表明,使用不同表面活性剂,可获得不同形貌的纳米结构,并且对材料的电化学性能有较大的影响.当尿素作表面活性剂时,获得了分散较好的球形材料,在0.01~3.0 V,以200 mA/g进行充放电测试,首次放电容量2 256.6 mAh/g,经过50次循环后,放电容量保持在440 mAh/g,表现了较好的循环性能.

Effect of surfactants on the morphology structure and electrochemical performance of nano SnO2 anode materials

To improve the electrochemical performance of SnO₂ anode materials, in this paper Nano SnO₂ anode materials were prepared by hydrothermal method with sodium stannate as raw material and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactants, respectively. The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of the materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical technique. The results showed that the surfactants had a great influence on the morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of nano SnO₂ materials. Nano SnO₂ obtained with the urea as surfactant was spherical and well dispersed. The initial discharge capacity of the material reached 2 256.6 mAh/g at the rate of 200 mA/g at 0.01~3.0 V, the discharge capacity at 50 cycles was 440 mAh/g, which presented good cycle performance.