新型聚丙烯酰胺乳液合成及在油田中应用

利用分散聚合法合成新型聚丙烯酰胺乳液，又称“水包水”型聚丙烯酰胺乳液，具有溶解速度快、现场使用方便、对环境友好等优点。室内试验表明该乳液在常温下15rain内即可充分溶解，而聚丙烯酰胺干粉最快需40min 。针对海上油田开发特点，对海上调剖技术开展初步研究。由分子量为（6～8）×10^6、水解度为20％的阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺乳液，酚醛预缩聚交联剂组成的聚合物冻胶调剖体系，可用pH值为8．3、矿化度为31107．12mg／L的海水直接配制。该调剖体系在高矿化度的海水中迅速分散溶解，在70℃下成冻时间3～10d可调，成冻强度高，能够对高渗透层形成有效封堵，基本满足海上油田调剖需要。该乳液还有望在油田污水处理、防膨抑砂 、酸化、防蜡、防垢等多个油田开发领域应用。

SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL POLYACRYLAMIDE EMULSION AND ITS APPLICATION IN OILFIELD

The new polyacrylamide emulsion that synthesized by means of dispersion polymerization process, has the advantages of quick dissolution rate, convenient field application and no pollution to environment. The emulsion can be dissolved absolutely in 15 minutes at normal temperature, but at least 40 minues will be needed for polyacrylamide powder. Based on the developing features of offshore oilfield, a pilot study of profile control has been carried out: the new-type profile system composed by this anionic polyacrlamide emulsion (Mw=6×106～8×106, the hydrolysis degree is 22% ) and a phenol-formaldehyde precondensate can be dissolved directly in seawater ( the PH value is 8.3, salinity is 31107.12mg/L ). The gelation time is controllable in 3～10 days at 70℃. The gelation strength is high, so it can plug the high permeability zone effectively. Therefore the gelling profile control system is able to meet the need of profile modification in offshore oilfield. It is expected to be employed in the field of oilfield produced water treatment, sand consolidation, clay swelling prevention, aciding treatment and scale prevention etc.