氟化物对自保护药芯焊丝焊接工艺性能的影响及熔敷金属中P、Si的控制

通过自制的5种药芯成分不同的自保护药芯焊丝，研究氟化钡和氟化钙的不同配比对焊接工艺性能、过渡熔滴、熔敷金属中P、Si的控制的影响。结果表明，随着：BaF2占氟化物总量的增加，立焊性能改善，焊接过程飞溅、烟尘减少，累积质量分数为50％时的熔滴的平均直径减小，而熔敷效率和Hmax／Bmax降低(Hmax为焊缝最大熔深，Bmax为焊缝最大熔宽)。BaF2比CaF2控制熔敷金属中P、Si含量的能力更强，并通过热力学分析解释了氟化物对熔敷金属中P、Si控制的机理。综合考虑焊接工艺性能和熔敷金属中P、Si的控制，药芯中选用BaF2占氟化物总量的75％～87．5％较为合适。

Effect of fluoride on welding technology and P,Si controlling in deposited metal of self-shielded flux cored wire

Five self-shielded flux cored wires with different fluxes were fabricated. The effect of different BaF₂ and CaF₂ mixture ratio on welding technology, transition droplet and P,Si controlling in the deposited metal was studied. The result shows that with the increasing of BaF₂, the spatter loss,smoke, and the average diameter of droplet at 50% mass percent as well as the deposition efficiency and ratio of maxmun penetration and maxmum weld width decrease. And the vertical welding ability is improved. BaF₂ has more powerful capability than CaF₂ to control the P and Si in the deposited metal. The controlling mechanism is explained by thermodynamics analysis. In the view of welding technology and P,Si controlling in the deposited metal, the range of 75~87.5% BaF₂ of the total fluoride in the flux is preferred.