采用磷灰石新型常温捕收剂DJX-6优化某铁尾矿中磷的回收工艺

河北柏泉铁矿磁选尾矿粒度较粗，-0.074 mm粒级产率为30.76%，有用矿物磷灰石主要富集在细粒级中，且解离度较低，现场在矿浆温度为37 ℃情况下，以氧化石蜡皂+脂肪酸+MES为捕收剂，采用1粗3精1扫、中矿顺序返回闭路流程选磷，获得了P₂O₅品位和回收率分别约为33%和85%的磷精矿。为了解决现场浮磷需要加温且精矿指标不理想的问题，采用东北大学相关课题组研制的新型常温浮磷捕收剂DJX-6进行了选磷试验，结果表明，试样在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占60%，浮选矿浆温度为20 ℃、pH=10（Na₂CO₃用量为400 g/t），水玻璃用量为200 g/t，DJX-6用量为400 g/t的情况下，采用1粗3精1扫闭路流程处理，最终获得P₂O₅品位为33.30%、P2O5回收率为93.36%的磷精矿。与现场相比，不仅药剂用量大幅度降低、浮选矿浆无需加温，而且磷精矿P₂O₅回收率从85%左右提高至93.36%，因此，现场浮磷改用DJX-6为捕收剂将取消配套加温系统，大幅度降低能源成本，增加精矿产量，为企业创造显著的经济效益。

Optimization of Phosphorus Recovery Process on Iron Tailings by New Room Temperature Collector DJX-6

The magnetic separation tailings grain size of Baiquan Iron Mine in Hebei Province is relatively coarse， and the yield of -0.074 mm is 30.76%. The useful mineral apatite is mainly enriched in the fine fraction and the dissociation degree is low. In the plant， when the slurry temperature is 37 ℃， the oxidized paraffin soap + fatty acid + MES is used as the collector， and the phosphorus is selected by one roughing three cleaning one scavenging and the middle ore sequence returning to the closed circuit， and the P2O5 grade and recovery rate of 33% and 85% respectively in phosphate concentrate are obtained. In order to solve the problem that the floating phosphorus needs to be warmed and the concentrate index is not ideal， the phosphorus selection test was carried out by using the new normal temperature floating phosphorus collector DJX-6 developed by the relevant research group of Northeastern University. The results show that when the sample has a grinding fineness of 60% -0.074 mm， the flotation temperature is 20 ℃， the pH is 10 （the amount of Na₂CO₃ is 400 g/t）， and the amount of sodium silicate is 200 g/t， the dosage of DJX-6 is 400 g/t， through one roughing-three cleaning-one scavenging process， the phosphorus concentrate with P₂O₅ grade of 33.30% and P₂O₅ recovery rate of 93.36% is finally obtained. Compared with the on-site process， not only the dosage of the agent is greatly reduced， but also the flotation slurry does not need to be heated， and the P₂O₅ recovery rate of the phosphate concentrate is increased from 85% to 93.36%. Therefore， the use of DJX-6 as a collector in the field of floating phosphorus will greatly reduce energy costs， eliminate the supporting heating system， increase the output of concentrates， and create significant economic benefits for enterprises.