基于Whittle的露天境界动态优化研究

开采境界圈定是露天矿山开采设计的基础,境界优化结果的优劣直接制约着矿山的整体发展效益。露天开采过程中面对的是复杂多变的地质岩体、无序的品位分布、多变的经济参数等一系列非线性动态问题,现有的主流境界优化方法未能有效考虑该类问题。为实现对露天矿山境界优化的经济动态评估以及矿山剥采均衡,将露天境界优化与地质品位、矿体赋存状态相结合,根据地质数据库采用SURPAC软件建立了矿体三维实体模型和块段品位模型。借助境界动态优化分析软件Whittle,并根据某矿山实际情况,将浮动圆锥法和LG图论法相结合,在一定的技术、经济指标条件下,生成了一系列不同价格对应的露天境界优化方案。根据矿山设计生产规模,对各个境界方案进行进度计划排产,同时考虑了资金的时间价值,引入贴现率指标,获得了各个方案的最大净现值,确定净现值最大的方案为最优方案。研究表明:该方案的提出,实现了动态条件下该矿山露天境界的高效动态优化,为露天矿山开采境界优化提供了新思路。

Research on the Dynamic Optimization of Open-pit Mine Based on Whittle

The delineation of mining boundary is the basis of open-pit mining design，the results of boundary optimization directly restrict the overall development benefits of the mine.Due to a series of non-linear dynamic problems such as complex and changeable geological rock mass，disordered grade distribution and changeable economic parameters are existed in the mining process of open-pit mine.However，the above problems are not effectively considered by the major boundary optimization method.In order to realize the economic dynamic evaluation of open-pit mine boundary optimization and mine stripping equilibrium，combing with the optimization of open-pit boundary with geological grade and occurrence stage of orebody，based on geological database，three-dimensional solid model and block grade model of orebody are established by using SURPAC software.Meanwhile，with the aid of boundary dynamic optimization analysis software Whittle，and combined with the specific situation of a mine，a series of open-pit boundary optimization schemes are proposed by combining floating cone method with LG graph theory under certain technical and economic conditions.According to the design and production scale of the mine，schedule production for each boundary scheme is done，and consider the time value of the fundsthe discount rate is introduced，the maximum net present value （NPV） of each scheme after comparison is obtained.The scheme with the largest net present value （NPV） is determined to be the optimal one. The study results show that the efficient dynamic optimization of open-pit boundary under dynamic conditions is realized by using the optimization scheme proposed in this paper，which can also provides a new idea for the optimization of open-pit mining boundary.