冲击波形调节器的原理分析

在碰撞试验中,一般的阻尼制动器对制动加速度的波形调节并无特殊要求,对有特殊要求的阻尼制动器需要使用额外的波形调节装置。文章对一种波形调节器的结构及其工作原理进行介绍与分析,通过对设计参数的仿真研究,证明调节器的设计在原理上是可行的,可方便地通过调节阀芯的运动速度来改变制动过程中冲击波形的脉宽和幅值,从而满足不同的冲击试验要求。

MECHANISM ANALYSIS OF A SHOCK WAVE REGULATOR

In impact tests, deceleration of a test article usually needs no special requirements that bumpers should be able to regulate the width and amplitude of shock wave pulses, otherwise a regulator for impact pulse adjustment is not dispensable. To meet this special requirement, a novel structure of a regulator is presented with thorough analyses of its working mechanism. By establishing motion equations of each component of the regulator and simulating the dynamic behavior of the whole system, the shock wave regulator is demonstrated numerically to be able to change arbitrarily the width and amplitude of shock pulses. Adjustment is realized by changing the equivalent flow area of damping orifices in advance and consequently adjusting the closing velocity of the shaped orifice of a valve which is set outside the bumper. The role of regulating makes bumpers applicable to different impact tests.