动力传动圆锥渐开线齿轮的设计、制造和应用Ⅱ

圆锥渐开线齿轮（斜面体齿轮）被用于交叉或倾斜轴变速器和平行轴自由侧隙变速器中。圆锥齿轮是在齿宽横断面上具有不同齿项高修正（齿厚）的直齿或斜齿圆柱齿轮。这类齿轮的几何形状是已知的，但应用在动力传动上则多少是个例外。ZF公司已将该斜面体齿轮装置应用于各种场合：4WD轿车传动装置、船用变速器（主要用于快艇）、机器人齿轮箱和工业传动等领域。斜面体齿轮的模数在0．7mm-8mm之间，交叉传动角在0°-25°之间。这些边界条件需要对斜面体齿轮的设计、制造和质量有一个深入的理解。在锥齿轮传动中为获得高承载能力和低噪声所必须进行的齿侧修形可采用范成法磨削工艺制造。为降低制造成本，机床设定和由于磨削加工造成的齿侧偏差可在设计阶段利用仿真制造进行计算。本文从总体上介绍了动力传动变速器斜面体齿轮的研发，包括：基本几何形状、宏观及微观几何形状的设计、仿真、制造、齿轮测量和试验。

Application,Design,and Manufacturing of Conical Involute Gears for Power Transmissions

Conical involute gears （beveloids） are used in transmissions wltla intersecting or skew axes and for backlash-free transmissions with parallel axes. Conical gears are spur or helical gears with variable ad-dendum modification （tooth thickness） across the face width. The geometry of such gears is generally known, but applications in power transmissions are more or less exceptional. ZF has implemented beveloid gear sets in various applications： 4WD gear units for passenger cars, marine transmissions （mostly used in yachts）, gear boxes for robotics, and industrial drives. The module of these beveloids varies between 0.7 mm and 8 mm in size, and the crossed axes angle varies between 0° and 25°. These boundary conditions require a deep understanding of the design, manufacturing, and quality assurance of beveloid gears. Flank modifications, which are necessary for achieving a high load capacity and a low noise emission in the conical gears, can be produced with the continuous generation grinding process. In order to reduce the manufacturing costs, the machine settings as well as the flank deviations caused by the grinding process can be calculated in the design phase using a manufacturing simulation. This presentation gives an overview of the development of conical gears for power transmissions. Basic geometry, design of macro and micro geometry, simulation, manufacturing, gear measurement, and testing.