高炉使用高比例球团的战略思考与球团生产的试验研究

 从战略发展角度分析了高炉使用高比例球团的优势和存在的问题,指出了高炉使用高比例球团的战略机遇。根据国内高硅铁精粉特点,开展了高硅酸性和熔剂性的镁质球团造球、干燥和焙烧等基础研究,分析了球团抗压强度、高温冶金性能、回转窑生产过程结圈形成机理等基础特性,提出了球团生产的基本操作参数设计特点,实现了链箅机回转窑生产高硅镁质酸性和熔剂性球团的稳定连续生产。完成了高比例球团矿高炉冶炼生产试验。实践证明,高比例球团矿冶炼的高炉生产稳定顺行,各项指标优于高比例烧结矿冶炼的高炉,操作思路可复制、冶炼结果可重现、操作经验可推广,并且环境效益巨大,SO₂、NO_x、PM和CO₂的排放远远优于高比例烧结矿生产的高炉。可以预见,优质冶金球团的制备和高炉高比例球团冶炼将是破解中国钢铁长流程降低污染物排放,实现低碳冶炼和可持续发展的最佳举措。

Strategy analysis and testing study of high ratio of pellet utilized in blast furnace

The advantages and problems of using high-proportion pellets in blast furnaces from the perspective of strategic development were analyzed, and the strategic opportunities for using high-proportion pellets in blast furnaces was clarified. According to the characteristics of domestic high-silicon iron concentration, basic researches on green pellet-making, drying and roasting of magnesia pellets with high silicon acidity and flux properties have been carried out. Furthermore, the compressive strength of pellets, high-temperature metallurgical properties, and ring formation in the production process of rotary kiln have been analyzed. The basic characteristics such as formation mechanism and the design characteristics of the basic operating parameters for pellet production were put forward, and the stable continuous production of high silica magnesia acid and flux pellets produced by the grate rotary kiln was realized. Two high-proportion pellet blast furnace production trials have been completed. Practice has proved that the production of high-proportion pellet smelting blast furnaces was stable and smooth, and all indicators were better than those of high-proportion sinter smelting blast furnaces. The operating ideas can be replicated, the smelting results can be reproduced, the operating experience can be promoted, and the environmental benefits are huge. The emissions of SO₂, NO_x, PM and CO₂ are far superior to blast furnaces produced with a high proportion of sintered ore. It is foreseeable that the preparation of high-quality metallurgical pellets and the smelting of high-proportion blast furnace pellets will be the best measure to break the long-term steel process in China to reduce total pollutant emissions and achieve low-carbon smelting and sustainable development.