不同含氧调合汽油燃料的整车及排放性能试验研究

将甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇和2,5-二甲基呋喃(DMF)分别与市售编号为92号汽油按照体积比为1∶9的比例混合,连同纯汽油组成M10、E10、B10、F10、G100 5种燃料,在一辆缸内直喷(GDI)乘用车上研究不同燃料对整车性能的影响。试验结果表明,在新欧洲驾驶循环(NEDC)下,丁醇混合燃料的百公里体积油耗和去除热值影响的当量油耗均是被测5种燃料中最低的,其余3种含氧燃料掺混后的百公里体积油耗和当量油耗均高于纯汽油燃料;除M10的CO排放比汽油低外,含氧汽油的CO和THC排放均高于汽油;掺混3种醇类燃料均能够降低NO_x排放,F10的NO_x排放与纯汽油相当;4种含氧汽油大幅降低了颗粒物质量和数量排放。向汽油中添加含氧燃料能够降低汽车在中高车速稳定运行时的油耗和排放,但添加含氧燃料后的汽油比纯汽油更加不适应低车速和起动工况。在动力性方面,4种含氧汽油均缩短了汽车的加速时间。

Experimental Study on Vehicle Performance and Emissions of Different Oxygenated Gasoline Fuels

An experiment of the effect of different fuels on engine performance and emissions was carried out on a gasoline direct injection(GDI) passenger car. The fuels used in the experiment were pure gasoline and four oxygenated gasoline fuels prepared by adding methanol, ethanol, n-butyl alcohol and 2,5dimethylfuran(DMF) in the pure gasoline respectively in 10% in volume, and coded as G100, M10, E10, B10 and F10. The results show that under new European driving cycle(NEDC), B10 is the lowest among the five tested fuels in terms of 100 kilometer of fuel consumption in volume and the equivalent fuel consumption after removing calorific value, and the other three oxygenated fuels are higher than G100. CO and THC emissions of the oxygenated fuels are higher than those of G100, except for the CO of M10 which is lower than that of G100. Adding methanol, ethanol or n-butyl alcohol in pure gasoline is beneficial to reducing NOx emissions, but the NOx emissions of F10 are almost equivalent to those of G100. The oxygenated fuels could significantly reduce the particulate mass(PM) and particulate number(PN). And all the oxygenated fuels can decrease fuel consumption and emissions when the car runs steadily at medium and high speeds, but they are poor at adapting to the working conditions of low speed and vehicle starting. They all could, however, shorten the vehicle acceleration time.