三峡水库下游河道演变与生态治理研究进展

在自然条件和人类活动影响下,三峡水库下游河道面临着水沙条件和河床演变的新变化,以及防洪、航运、发电、供水、生态等多目标协同治理的新需求,亟需深入开展三峡水库下游水沙输移与河道演变规律、河道生态治理技术方面的研究,促进河道治理与生态保护的协调融合。针对上述3个重要方面的研究成果进行了论述,并结合当前研究工作中的不足,提出了未来研究应重点关注的方向与内容,包括三峡水库下游河道水沙通量变化的时空变化趋势、不同河型河道重塑过程与水沙输移的互馈机理、受损河道边坡生境修复技术、堤岸生态改造技术以及生态友好型河道治理方法与技术等。

Research Advances in River Evolution and Ecological Regulation in the Downstream of the Three Gorges Reservior

Under the influences of natural conditions and human activities, the downstream rivers of the Three Gorges Reservior have been experiencing changes in flow and sediment conditions and river evolution, which in the meantime pose new demands for flood risk management, navigation, electricity generation, water supply and ecology. It is urgent to investigate the mechanisms underlying the water and sediment transport and river evolution in the downstream of the Three Gorges Reservior, and develop novel ecological regulation technologies, by which to promote the fusions of river regulation and ecology protection. In this paper we make a review on previous studies of water and sediment transport, river evolution, and ecological regulation in the downstream of Three Gorges Reservior. In view of the deficiencies of current studies, we put forward the direction and contents of future research: the spatio-temporal variation trend of water and sediment in the downstream channel of the Three Gorges Reservior, the interaction between the reconstruction of different river types and water-sediment transport, the habitat restoration technology for damaged river bank, the ecological reconstruction technology for embankment, and the eco-friendly methods and technologies for river regulation.