Controlled positioning of metal nanoparticles in an organic light-emitting device for enhanced quantum efficiency |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;2. Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea;3. Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy Systems, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea;5. Energy Semiconductor Research Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-270, Republic of Korea;1. R & D Center for Engineering and Science, JEC Group of Colleges, Jaipur Engineering, College Campus, Jaipur 303101, India;2. Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia;3. Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology, Hellas, Stadiou Str. Platani, Patras 26504, Greece;4. Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26504, Greece;1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;2. Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy System, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea;2. Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea;1. Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, College of Engineering, The American University of Kurdistan, 42001 Duhok, Iraq |
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| Abstract: | It is shown that there exists an optimum distance between the plane where nanoparticles (NPs) are positioned and the active layer of Au-NP-embedded organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) for the maximum external quantum efficiency. Au NPs are precisely positioned in a specific plane in the hole-transport layer using a dry, room-temperature aerosol technique at atmospheric pressure. By controlling the position of the Au NPs and their density, we optimize the external quantum efficiency of the Au-NP-embedded OLEDs, with the maximum efficiency being 38% larger than that of the control device without Au NPs. In contrast to commonly employed methods to incorporate metal NPs in an organic layer, such as vacuum thermal evaporation or spin coating, the aerosol-deposited Au NPs do not penetrate into the underlying organic layer, not only allowing for precise control of the vertical (perpendicular to the substrate surface) position of the Au NPs, but also minimizing damage to the hole-transport organic material. Our electrical and optical characterizations show that the existence of the optimal distance occurs by the competition between the increased electron–hole recombination probability caused by the electrostatic effects of holes trapped in the Au NPs and the metal induced quenching. |
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| Keywords: | Aerosols Nanoparticles Organic light-emitting devices Nanotechnology |
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