高温强辐射下相变降温背心的热调节作用客观测评

摘 要 在消防灭火、炼钢、冶金、玻璃熔制等高温强辐射环境中，作业人员易于遭受热应激的影响。本文研究了一款用于降低热应激的降温背心的热调节性能，通过模拟炼钢高温环境（32℃高温、1000W强辐射热），采用暖体假人对降温背心的热调节性能进行了客观评价。在模拟的两轮炼钢作业中，假人各个部位的皮肤温度高低排序为：T头颈>T非覆盖部位>T腹臀>T胸背。实验结束时，假人穿着降温背心时胸背部的皮肤温度为34.0℃，比未穿着降温背心辐射30min后低6.3℃。实验结果表明，在高温、强辐射下，穿着相变降温背心能减小假人躯干部位的皮肤温度，减轻热应激，延长高温作业时间。

Objective evaluation on thermal adjusting effect of PCM cooling vest under high temperature and strong radiation

At high temperature and strong radiation environments such as firefighting,steel making,metallurgical and glass melting workshops,the operators are inclined to suffer from heat stress.This paper developed a cooling vest intended for alleviating heat stress.Thermal manikin was utilized to evaluate the thermal adjusting effect of the cooling vest in a hot environment.The environment temperature was 32 ℃ with a strong radiation of 1 000 W to simulate a steel making environment.In the simulated two working shifts,the skin temperature for each local part of the manikin had the following trend: head and neck,other parts,abdomen and buttocks,chest and back.At the end of the experiment,the skin temperature of chest and back of the manikin wearing the cooling vest was 34 ℃,which was 6.3 ℃ lower than that without wearing the cooling vest.The experiment indicated that the cooling vest could decrease the skin temperature of manikin′s torso covered with PCMs and alleviate heat stress and prolong working time in hot environment.