潜航员认知效能驱动的作业舒适度评价方法

舒适的作业环境是人员高水平作业能力维持的重要保障，为实现载人潜水器舱室操作系统作业舒适度的定量评价，依据载人潜水器操作系统中显控界面、操作面板和通讯设备3个子系统的舒适性特征，提出潜航员认知效能驱动的载人潜水器舱室操作系统作业舒适度评价方法。该方法基于潜航员作业实际，分析潜航员认知流程，形成潜航员认知表现-效能-舒适度对应关系；依托操作系统作业舒适度实验数据，运用效用函数构建潜航员认知效能模型；采用支持向量机模型综合考虑子系统特征属性以及潜航员认知效能、年龄、学历等因素对子系统作业舒适度感知的影响；结合专家权重调查法，实现子系统作业舒适度耦合，确定操作系统作业舒适度。结果表明：当显控界面亮度、对比度和自然饱和度分别界于[-25,0],[-50,-25],[-25,0]范围，操作面板设计具有合理的布局参数和待布区形心相对位置，以及通讯设备中环境噪声频率较低和通信语音采样频率为48 000 Hz时，操作系统具有较高的舒适度。本研究表明，潜航员认知效能与主观舒适度具有相同的变化趋势，基于潜航员认知效能判断舱室操作系统作业舒适度的方法可行。

Evaluation method for operating comfort based on cognitive efficiency of oceanauts

A comfortable operating environment is important for the maintenance of operational capability. An evaluation method driven by cognitive efficiency of oceanauts was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the operation comfort of manned submersible operating system, which was based on the comfort characteristics of the display control interface, operation panel, and communication equipment in the system. The cognitive process of oceanauts was analyzed based on the practical operation, and the relationship between the cognitive performance, efficiency, and comfort of oceanauts was established. The cognitive efficiency model of oceanauts was constructed by using utility function according to the comfort experiment data of operating system. Support vector machines (SVM) were adopted to comprehensively investigate the influence of sub-system attributes, cognitive efficiency, age, educational background, and other factors of oceanauts on sub-system comfort perception. Through the expert weight survey method, the sub-system comfort coupling was realized and the operating system comfort was determined. Results show that the operating system could maintain a higher comfort level under the conditions that the brightness, contrast, and natural saturation of the display control interface were within [-5,0], [-50,-25], and [-5,0], respectively, the operation panel design had reasonable layout parameters and centroid position, the environmental noise frequency was low, and the communication voice sampling frequency was 48 000 Hz in communication equipment. The study indicates that the cognitive efficiency and subjective comfort have the same variation trend, and it is feasible to judge the comfort of the cabin operating system based on the cognitive efficiency of the submarine oceanauts.