核酸适配体技术对砷的检测研究进展

砷是目前环境中污染较为严重的几种重金属元素之一，天然存在于地壳中并可以通过食物链进入人体，基于砷的毒性，人们越来越重视对环境及食品中砷的检测。目前已经建立了多种检测环境及食品中砷含量的技术，包括原子吸收光谱法（atomic absorption spectrometry, AAS）、氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法（hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry, HG-AFS）、电感耦合等离子体质谱法（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS）以及核酸适配体技术等，其中核酸适配体技术是一种新型的快速检测技术，因其具有高特异性、高亲和力和高灵敏度而被应用于生物医学、环境分析与食品工程中，并在现场快速检测方面展现出广阔的应用前景。本文主要介绍了核酸适配体技术的原理及其应用，重点综述了基于核酸适配体技术的砷离子检测方法，并对核酸适配体技术自身的发展以及在食品等方面的应用进行了展望。

Research progress of nucleic acid aptamer technology in the detection of arsenic

Arsenic is one of several heavy metal elements with serious pollution in the environment. It naturally exists in the earth''s crust and can enter the human body through the food chain. Based on the toxicity of arsenic, people are paying more and more attention to the detection of arsenic in the environment and food. A variety of technologies for detecting arsenic content in the environment and food have been established, including atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and nucleic acid aptamer technology, among which the nucleic acid aptamer technology is a new type of rapid detection technology. Because of its high specificity, high affinity and high sensitivity, it is used in biomedicine, environmental analysis and food engineering, and has shown a broad field of rapid detection. This article mainly introduces the principle and application of nucleic acid aptamer technology, focusing on the arsenic ion detection method based on nucleic acid aptamer technology, and prospects the development of nucleic acid aptamer technology itself and its application in food and other aspects.