多元素含量结合化学计量学技术在鳕鱼物种鉴别和产地溯源中的应用

摘 要: 目的 研究基于矿物元素和化学计量学在鳕鱼物种鉴别和产地溯源中的应用。 方法 从法国、美国、新西兰、智利等产区收集103个鳕鱼样品，其中鳕鱼物种包括银鳕鱼、狭鳕鱼、真鳕鱼、北极鳕鱼等9种，超级微波消解处理样品，电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定鳕鱼中37种常量和微量元素的含量,利用主成分分析、偏最小二乘法和K最邻近法对检测数据进行分析, 建立物种鉴别和产地溯源模型。结果 不同物种鳕鱼部分元素存在显著性差异，偏最小二乘法和K最邻近法建立的物种溯源模型均可实现银鳕鱼物种鉴别，准确率分别为100%和83.8%，但产地溯源模型准确率不够理想。结论 建立的方法可以有效地将价格和营养价值较高的银鳕鱼与其他物种鳕鱼区分开, 但不能对鳕鱼产地进行有效的溯源。

Application of multi-elements content analysis combined with chemometrics in species identification and origin tracing of cods

ABSTRACT: Objective Cods from different origin and species were discriminated by multi-elements content analysis combined with chemometrics. Methods 103 cod samples were collected from France, the United States, New Zealand and Chile, which were 9 cod species including silver cod, pollock, true cod, arctic cod and others. Samples were treated with the ultra-microwave digestion, and 37 major and trace mineral elements in 103 cods were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). They were to establish species identification and origin tracing models by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and knearest neighbors (KNN). Results The contents of some elements were significantly different in the different cod species, and they were effective for identification of silver cod by the species traceability models of PLS-DA and KNN, which accuracies were 100% and 83.8%, respectively. However, the models were not satisfactory for the geographical origin of cod.