高比例清洁能源并网的跨国互联电力系统多时间尺度储能容量优化规划

高比例清洁能源并网对电力系统的灵活调节能力提出了更高要求。储能是构成系统灵活调节能力的关键要素,系统对储能的需求与系统的灵活性稀缺程度紧密相关,而单纯依靠储能来提供系统所需灵活性将造成电力系统投资成本极大增加、设备利用率降低等问题。储能与互联电网、清洁能源布局协同规划并发挥彼此间的互补效益是提升未来清洁电力系统安全经济性的重要途径。该文从技术经济性的角度出发,考虑多种灵活性资源协同参与的跨国互联电力系统优化规划与运行。首先基于已有研究对各类灵活性资源建模,将年度8760h全景时序运行模拟纳入优化模型,然后提出了面向高比例清洁能源电力系统、考虑多种灵活性资源参与的规划模型并基于东北亚跨国互联电网进行实证分析,量化评估了电网互联、清洁能源布局对储能优化配置的影响,给出了基于不同灵活性资源规划模型的2035—2050年东北亚地区规划结果。算例表明,通过电网互联与多区域风电、光伏清洁能源协同规划可有效减少各区域内储能装机、降低系统的度电成本。算例还进行了储能装机容量、系统度电成本与线路互联容量间的灵敏度分析。

Optimal Planning of Multi-time Scale Energy Storage Capacity of Cross-national Interconnected Power System With High Proportion of Clean Energy

High requirements for flexibility resources of power system are put forward due to the increasing penetration of clean energy. Energy storage is one of the key elements of the flexible regulation ability of the system. The demand for energy storage is closely related to the flexibility resource needed for the power system. It will lead to a great increase in the investment cost of the power system and reduce the utilization rate of equipment by simply relying on the flexibility provided by energy storage. It is an important way to improve the security and economic behavior of future clean energy power system to analyze the co-planning of energy storage, interconnected power grid and clean energy configuration. Based on the economic benefits of the power system, this paper considered the optimal planning and operation of the system with multiple flexibility resources. Firstly, various kinds of flexibility resource models were established based on existing research, and 8760-hourtime-series operation simulation was incorporated into the planning model. Then, this paper proposed an optimization planning model based on different kinds of flexibility resources towards the Northeast Asia cross-national interconnected power system with high penetration of clean energy. Numerical case studies were performed to evaluate the effects of different kinds of flexibility resources on the optimal configuration of energy storage. The planning results of flexibility resource in Northeast Asia from 2035 to 2050 were given based on different kinds of models. The results show that the energy storage capacity in each region could be effectively reduced by grid interconnection and multi-regional wind and PV planning, and the total cost of the system could also be effectively reduced. Sensitivity analysis is performed based on the installed capacity of energy storage, economic cost of power generation and capacity of transmission lines.