膜法二氧化碳分离技术研究进展及展望

二氧化碳的排放导致了严重的环境和生态问题,而碳捕集、利用和封存技术(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)是减缓CO₂排放的有效途径。在众多的CCUS方法中,膜分离因其能效高、成本低、投资少、维护运行简单等优点引起了广泛关注。综述了燃烧前捕集、燃烧后捕集和天然气脱碳中的膜材料及其膜分离性能,分析影响CO₂捕集效率的关键膜结构因素和调控规律,膜组件开发关键问题及产业化情况,膜分离系统集成及经济性规律。结合研究现状和CO₂捕集需求,提出未来膜法CO₂捕集的研究方向。

Research Progress and Prospect in Membrane-mediated CO2Separation

Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)is an efficient way to mitigate CO₂ emission,which has caused serious environmental and ecological problems.Among many CCUS methods,membrane-mediated CO₂ separation has attracted significant interest due to its high energy efficiency,low operation cost,low investment,and easy maintenance and operation.In this paper,we summarized the membrane materials and their separation performance in pre-combustion capture,post-combustion capture,and natural gas upgrading.The critical membrane structure factors and regulation laws affecting CO₂ capture efficiency,the key issues of membrane module development,and industrialization,the integration laws,and the economic laws of the membrane separation system were analyzed.Based on state-of-the-art membrane separation technology and the demand for CO₂ capture,the future research direction of CO₂ capture by membrane method was discussed.