国内外促进可再生能源消纳的电力现货市场发展综述与思考

电力现货市场充分发挥市场在电力资源配置中的决定性作用,实现电力市场的充分竞争和电力资源的高效优化配置,反映供需双方真实价格信号。然而,可再生能源出力具有随机性和不确定性,给现货市场带来挑战,如何设计合理机制促进可再生能消纳是新一轮电改提出的重要要求。该文梳理归纳总结了当前国外成熟电力系统现货市场促进可再生能源消纳的市场机制,并介绍了我国8个试点省份现货市场建设特点和促进可再生能源消纳的相关机制。通过对比国内外现货市场发展现状,提出了未来我国现货市场建设的几个难点和挑战。在借鉴国外现货市场建设和可再生能源消纳经验的基础上,深刻把握我国电力现货市场建设的实际情况,统筹有序推进我国的电力现货市场建设。希望该文的研究成果能够为未来我国现货市场落地建设提供新思路和新见解,特别是为促进可再生能源消纳的现货市场提供研究方向。

Review and Cogitation for Worldwide Spot Market Development to Promote Renewable Energy Accommodation

Electricity spot market fully plays the role of allocating electric power resources to realize sufficient competition and find optimal allocation of power resources, reflecting the authentic price signals of both demand and supply entities. However, characteristics of renewable energy output, such as randomness and uncertainty, pose great challenges to the operation of the mentioned market. Designing reasonable market mechanisms, which promotes renewable energy consumption, is the key demand of the new round electric power system reformation. This paper first summarized the state-of-the-art market mechanisms for renewable energy promotion in foreign mature power systems, followed by the introduction of Chinese spot market construction and mechanisms related to promote renewable energy consumption. By comparing the present situations at home and abroad, this study focused on several challenges of the future spot market construction in China. Referring to the experience of market development and renewable energy promotion provided by foreign countries, this paper aimed to promote the construction of Chinese electricity spot market based on the actual situation of domestic market. Further, results of this paper provide new ideas and insights for the spot market construction. In particular, it gives research directions for the subsequent study of electricity spot market with the purpose of renewable energy promotion.