区块链在分布式电力交易中的研究领域及现状分析

国家发改委、能源局陆续指出:要全面放开经营性电联用户发电计划,支持中小用户参与市场化交易,健全全面放开经营性发电计划后的价格形成机制。行政引导市场,市场发展技术,基于区块链技术的电力交易研究迎来了前所未有的行政和市场机遇。区块链以分布、公开、不可篡的区域共治模式,为社会和市场提出了一套全新的商业解决方案。该文依托区块链技术,探讨了基于分布式交易的电力交易市场、产消者以及相关服务产业的需求和行业现状,分析了区块链电力交易的发展趋势;归纳了电力交易领域区块链追求创新实验的主要方向,研究了电力交易区块链的总体架构设计创新、电力交易场景应用创新和区块链性能提升研究创新等内容;最后通过文献综述和百余个区块链电力交易系统实施案例,梳理了区块链技术在电力交易行业面临的挑战与应用前景。以期通过该文综述对分布式电力交易领域的未来研究有一定贡献。

The Research Field and Current State-of-art of Blockchain in Distributed Power Trading

The National Development and Reform Commission & the National Energy Administration and the National Energy Administration have successively pointed out that it is necessary to liberalize electricity generation plans for operating power link users, support the small and mediumsized users in participating in market-based transactions, and improve the pricing mechanism. The state and government have promoted the in-depth reform of China’s power trading market from the administrative guidance level, and the research on power trading based on blockchain has ushered in a vast market opportunity. As an emerging technology, blockchain is characterized by distribution, transparent and tamper-proof, which provides a new set of commercial solutions for the society and the market. Based on the blockchain technology, this paper discusses the application research of distributed transaction mode to power trading industry, market, producer, consumer and related service industry. Firstly, it reviewed the market demand and industry status of power trading. After that, it analyzed the main direction of the blockchain innovation in the power trade, and discussed the architecture design, power trading scenario application, blockchain performance improvement research and auction mechanism. Finally, through literature review and studies on more than one hundred implementation cases of blockchain power trading systems, the challenges and application prospects of blockchain technology in the power trading industry were analyzed, aiming at making some contribution to the following researchers.