五轴机床刀尖点频响特性及切削稳定域位置的演变

五轴机床在航空航天领域大型曲面零件加工中应用极其广泛,其高速、高精度和大材料去除率的加工特点对加工稳定性提出了很高要求,影响五轴机床铣削稳定性的主要问题是切削颤振。通过对一台转摆头五轴机床进行动力学性能测试,对比分析主轴系统在不同位置和转摆头在不同姿态下刀尖点的频响特性,得出刀尖点频响特性随位置的演变规律。以频域法构建切削稳定性叶瓣图,得到极限切深的位置演变规律。研究结果为五轴机床切削参数的优化提供了参考。

Evolution of Tool Tip Frequency Response Characteristics and Cutting Stability Region Position for Five-axis Machine Tool

The five axis machine tool is widely used in the processing of large scale curved parts for the aerospace field. The processing characteristics for high speed, high precision and large material removal rate raise a high claim on processing stability. The main problem affecting the milling stability of five axis machine tools is cutting flutter. Through the dynamic performance test of a swinging five axis machine tool, the frequency response characteristics of the spindle system in different positions and the swing head in different attitudes were compared, and the position evolution law of limit cutting depth was obtained and analyzed, and the evolution law of the frequency response characteristics of the tool tip with position was obtained. The cutting stability leaflet map was constructed by using frequency domain method, and the position evolution law of the limit cutting depth was obtained. The results provide reference for the optimization of cutting parameters for five axis machine tools.