高通量测序技术分析鸭皮中耐热菌群

鸭皮作为肉制品中常用的添加原料,其在不同热杀菌处理状态下的微生物多样性研究非常重要。将鸭皮分别在60、70、80、90、100、110、120℃条件下热处理后25℃恒温放置1周,通过高通量测序分析鸭皮的微生物多样性。结果表明:60℃热处理的鸭皮中主要菌属为假单胞菌属(33.52%)和不动杆菌属(18.55%),70℃热处理的鸭皮中主要菌属为不动杆菌属(18.46%)、狭义厌氧梭菌属18(12.41%)、变形杆菌属(11.04%)、假单胞菌属(10.17%)、狭义厌氧梭菌属7(8.62%),80、90℃热处理的鸭皮中优势菌属为狭义厌氧梭菌属18,相对丰度分别为63.04%和84.11%,100℃热处理组优势菌属为芽孢杆菌属(49.50%)、狭义厌氧梭菌属18(29.19%)和厌氧杆菌属(17.20%),110℃热处理组优势菌属为芽孢杆菌属(99.23%),120℃热处理组优势菌属为狭义厌氧梭菌属18(52.41%)、芽孢杆菌属(33.07%)和狭义厌氧梭菌属7(12.23%);样品聚类和β-多样性分析表明,温度对鸭皮中的细菌群落组成和丰度差异影响较大。

Analysis of Heat Resistant Bacteria in Duck Skin by High Throughput Sequencing

As duck skin is commonly used a raw material for meat products, studying the microbial diversity in duck skin under different thermal sterilization conditions is vital. In the present study, duck skin was treated at 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 or 120 ℃ and then stored at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for one week. The microbial diversity of duck skin was investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Analysis of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) showed that the main bacterial genera in duck skin treated at 60 ℃ were Pseudomonas (33.52%) and Acinetobacter (18.55%); and the main bacterial genera in duck skin treated at 70 ℃were Acinetobacter (18.46%), Clostridium sensu stricto 18 (12.41%), Proteus (11.04%) and Pseudomonas (10.17%), and Clostridium sensu stricto 7 (8.62%). Clostridium sensu stricto 18 (63.04% and 84.11% in relative abundance) were found to be dominant in duck skin treated at 80 and 90 ℃; Bacillus (49.50%), Clostridium sensu stricto 18 (29.19%) and Anaerosalibacter (17.20%) were dominant in duck skin treated at 100 ℃; the dominant bacteria in duck skin treated at 110 ℃ were Bacillus (99.23%); the dominant bacteria in duck skin treated at 120 ℃ were Clostridium sensu stricto 18 (52.41%), Bacillus (33.07%) and Clostridium sensu stricto 7 (12.23%). Sample clustering and β-diversity analysis showed that temperature had a great influence on the differences in the bacterial community composition and abundance in duck skin.